UnitFive

= ﻿Chapters [TwentyOne-TwentyTwo] =

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Top Ten Key Terms/Concepts for Chapter 21
Progressivism - Idea/belief that prompted growth and advancement of the nation through purposeful intervention(reforms).

The Professions - Separating professionals from amateurs to decrease unnecessary competition

Woman's Rights/Suffrage - Women wanted equal political rights which they got by the 19th amendment through organizing; continued to fight for other rights.

Commission Plan - Mayor replaced by an elected member who is not part of a political party in order to stop corruption in city governments.

City-Manager Plan - A hired nonpartisan professional runs government; also to stop corruption.

Decline of Party Influence - The reformers weakened the powers of the political parties which were beginning to be placed by "interest groups".

18th Amendment - Prohibited the sales and manufacturing of alcoholic beverages in support of the Temperance movement.

19th Amendment - Gave women universal suffrage; can vote anywhere in any election -- Did not "give" women the right to vote for the first time. Some women were already allowed to vote in some states in local/state elections.

W.E.B. Du Bois - Advocated for black education; his supporters and him joined together with white progressives to form the NAACP

Triangle Shirtwaist Fire - New York Fire in 1911 that killed 146 factory workers; led to labor condition reforms.

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Top Ten Key Terms/Concepts for Chapter 22
Theodore Roosevelt - Became president after the assassination of President McKinley; Was a conservative who believed in some progressive ideas/causes; Briefly left office after 2 terms and promoted Taft as a worth president.

William Howard Taft - Became president after Roosevelt; Favored conservatives while neglected the progressives;

Woodrow Wilson - Democrat candidate for presidency in 1912; Won against Roosevelt, Taft, and Debs, with 42% popular votes and and 435 out of the total 531 electoral votes.

The Progressive Party - Formed by Roosevelt and his supporters after the Republican National Committee refused to give him an appropriate number of seats for his delegates and instead giving the majority to Taft.

"New Nationalism" - Roosevelt's idea of regulating corporations, regulating children/women labor, graduated income/inheritance taxes, and workers' compensation.

"New Freedom" - Wilson's idea of completely destroying monopolies instead of simply regulating them.

Federal Reserve Act - Laws passed to regulate the banking systems.

Platt Amendment - Allowed the US to prevent foreign nations from intruding in Cuba which had become a new nation.

"Roosevelt Corollary" - Roosevelt's claim that the US can oppose Europeans from intervening in the Western Hemisphere; can intervene if neighbors are unfit to maintain their own order and national sovereignty by themselves.

"Great White Fleet" - Japan excluded Americans from trading in its territories that it controlled; Roosevelt sent 16 white ships from the US Navy to travel around the world and Japan to remind them of how strong/powerful the nation could be.